Zheng Bo Ke Duan Yu Yan (郑伯克段于鄢)Zuo Qiuming

A free printable Chinese handwriting worksheet for Zuo Qiuming's classical Chinese essay "Zheng Bo Ke Duan Yu Yan (郑伯克段于鄢)", with pinyin, stroke-order guides, and Chinese writing practice grids.

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Full text · 原文

Original Text

初,郑武公娶于申,曰武姜,生庄公及共叔段。庄公寤生,惊姜氏,故名曰寤生,遂恶之。爱共叔段,欲立之。亟请于武公,公弗许。及庄公即位,为之请制。公曰:“制,岩邑也,虢叔死焉。佗邑唯命。”请京,使居之,谓之京城大叔。祭仲曰:“都城过百雉,国之害也。先王之制:大都不过参国之一,中五之一,小九之一。今京不度,非制也,君将不堪。”公曰:“姜氏欲之,焉辟害?”对曰:“姜氏何厌之有!不如早为之所,无使滋蔓,蔓难图也。蔓草犹不可除,况君之宠弟乎!”公曰:“多行不义,必自毙,子姑待之。”既而大叔命西鄙北鄙贰于己。公子吕曰:“国不堪贰,君将若之何?欲与大叔,臣请事之;若弗与,则请除之。无生民心。”公曰:“无庸,将自及。”大叔又收贰以为己邑,至于廪延。子封曰:“可矣,厚将得众。”公曰:“不义,不暱,厚将崩。”大叔完聚,缮甲兵,具卒乘,将袭郑。夫人将启之。公闻其期,曰:“可矣!”命子封帅车二百乘以伐京。京叛大叔段,段入于鄢,公伐诸鄢。五月辛丑,大叔出奔共。书曰:“郑伯克段于鄢。”段不弟,故不言弟;如二君,故曰克;称郑伯,讥失教也;谓之郑志。不言出奔,难之也。遂寘姜氏于城颍,而誓之曰:“不及黄泉,无相见也。”既而悔之。颍考叔为颍谷封人,闻之,有献于公,公赐之食,食舍肉。公问之,对曰:“小人有母,皆尝小人之食矣,未尝君之羹,请以遗之。”公曰:“尔有母遗,繄我独无!”颍考叔曰:“敢问何谓也?”公语之故,且告之悔。对曰:“君何患焉?若阙地及泉,隧而相见,其谁曰不然?”公从之。公入而赋:“大隧之中,其乐也融融!”姜出而赋:“大隧之外,其乐也泄泄。”遂为母子如初。君子曰:“颍考叔,纯孝也,爱其母,施及庄公。《诗》曰:‘孝子不匮,永锡尔类。’其是之谓乎!”

Pinyin · 拼音

Pinyin

chū, zhèng wǔ gōng qǔ yú shēn, yuē wǔ jiāng, shēng zhuāng gōng jí gòng shū duàn。 zhuāng gōng wù shēng, jīng jiāng shì, gù míng yuē wù shēng, suì è zhī。 ài gòng shū duàn, yù lì zhī。 jí qǐng yú wǔ gōng, gōng fú xǔ。 jí zhuāng gōng jí wèi, wèi zhī qǐng zhì。 gōng yuē:“ zhì, yán yì yě, guó shū sǐ yān。 tuó yì wéi mìng。” qǐng jīng, shǐ jū zhī, wèi zhī jīng chéng dà shū。 jì zhòng yuē:“ dū chéng guò bǎi zhì, guó zhī hài yě。 xiān wáng zhī zhì: dà dōu bù guò cān guó zhī yī, zhōng wǔ zhī yī, xiǎo jiǔ zhī yī。 jīn jīng bù dù, fēi zhì yě, jūn jiāng bù kān。” gōng yuē:“ jiāng shì yù zhī, yān pì hài?” duì yuē:“ jiāng shì hé yàn zhī yǒu! bù rú zǎo wèi zhī suǒ, wú shǐ zī màn, màn nán tú yě。 màn cǎo yóu bù kě chú, kuàng jūn zhī chǒng dì hū!” gōng yuē:“ duō háng bù yì, bì zì bì, zǐ gū dài zhī。” jì ér dà shū mìng xī bǐ běi bǐ èr yú jǐ。 gōng zǐ lǚ yuē:“ guó bù kān èr, jūn jiāng ruò zhī hé? yù yǔ dà shū, chén qǐng shì zhī; ruò fú yǔ, zé qǐng chú zhī。 wú shēng mín xīn。” gōng yuē:“ wú yōng, jiāng zì jí。” dà shū yòu shōu èr yǐ wéi jǐ yì, zhì yú lǐn yán。 zǐ fēng yuē:“ kě yǐ, hòu jiāng dé zhòng。” gōng yuē:“ bù yì, bù nì, hòu jiāng bēng。” dà shū wán jù, shàn jiǎ bīng, jù zú chéng, jiāng xí zhèng。 fū rén jiāng qǐ zhī。 gōng wén qí qī, yuē:“ kě yǐ!” mìng zǐ fēng shuài chē èr bǎi chéng yǐ fá jīng。 jīng pàn dà shū duàn, duàn rù yú yān, gōng fá zhū yān。 wǔ yuè xīn chǒu, dà shū chū bēn gòng。 shū yuē:“ zhèng bó kè duàn yú yān。” duàn bù dì, gù bù yán dì; rú èr jūn, gù yuē kè; chēng zhèng bó, jī shī jiào yě; wèi zhī zhèng zhì。 bù yán chū bēn, nán zhī yě。 suì zhì jiāng shì yú chéng yǐng, ér shì zhī yuē:“ bù jí huáng quán, wú xiāng jiàn yě。” jì ér huǐ zhī。 yǐng kǎo shū wèi yǐng gǔ fēng rén, wén zhī, yǒu xiàn yú gōng, gōng cì zhī shí, shí shè ròu。 gōng wèn zhī, duì yuē:“ xiǎo rén yǒu mǔ, jiē cháng xiǎo rén zhī shí yǐ, wèi cháng jūn zhī gēng, qǐng yǐ yí zhī。” gōng yuē:“ ěr yǒu mǔ yí, yī wǒ dú wú!” yǐng kǎo shū yuē:“ gǎn wèn hé wèi yě?” gōng yǔ zhī gù, qiě gào zhī huǐ。 duì yuē:“ jūn hé huàn yān? ruò quē dì jí quán, suì ér xiāng jiàn, qí shuí yuē bù rán?” gōng cóng zhī。 gōng rù ér fù:“ dà suì zhī zhōng, qí lè yě róng róng!” jiāng chū ér fù:“ dà suì zhī wài, qí lè yě xiè xiè。” suì wèi mǔ zǐ rú chū。 jūn zǐ yuē:“ yǐng kǎo shū, chún xiào yě, ài qí mǔ, shī jí zhuāng gōng。《 shī》 yuē:‘ xiào zǐ bù kuì, yǒng xī ěr lèi。’ qí shì zhī wèi hū!”

English translation

English Meaning

Duke Zhuang of Zheng was born breech; his mother, Lady Jiang, loathed him and doted on his younger brother Duan, begging cities and armies for him. The duke waited: 'Do much unrighteousness and you will collapse of yourself.' When Duan fortified his cities for revolt and marched on the capital, the duke crushed him at Yan and banished his mother. Moved by the filial Ying Kaoshu, he dug a tunnel to meet her — 'within the tunnel, what joy!' — and mother and son were as at first. The Gentleman comments on this reunion of pure filiality.

Words & phrases

Key Vocabulary

Each term links to its word page with more readings and examples.

ChinesePinyinMeaning
大叔dà shūeldest of father's younger brothers
之一zhī yīone of (sth)
不堪bù kāncannot bear
相见xiāng jiànto see each other
小人xiǎo rénperson of low social status (old)
即位jí wèito succeed to the throne
京城jīng chéngcapital of a country
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使西
Classical Chinese

About the Text

The opening piece of the Zuo Tradition (Zuozhuan), the great early commentary on the Spring and Autumn Annals. 'Duke Zhuang overcomes Duan at Yan' is the textbook study of patience in statecraft — and of reconciliation.

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